Concretely, What is the Smart City?
From the desk of Parab Chinmay
Well, the correct definition is A city or municipality that uses information and communication technology (ICT) to improve operational efficiency, share information with the public and provide a better quality of government service and citizen welfare. However, a more comprehensive understanding of a smart city includes aspects like enhancing social services, promoting sustainability, giving residents a voice, and increasing transportation and accessibility. Enhancing policy efficiency, cutting down on waste and discomfort, raising the standard of social and economic conditions, and maximising social inclusion are the primary objectives of a smart city. Although the idea of a "smart city" is not new, it is becoming more and more popular worldwide. Examples of this include efforts in North America and Europe to change existing cities and towns, as well as futuristic new settlements like Neom in Saudi Arabia. Various people will interpret the same idea differently.
The Origins of Smart City Development
Our world is becoming more and more urbanised, which puts strain on the systems that now govern cities and towns due to traffic, air pollution, and limited-service accessibility. City officials must simultaneously fulfil the evolving demands of their constituents, protect and maximise their resources, and accomplish sustainability objectives. Therefore, to provide residents with a seamless experience that fosters strong, inclusive communities and makes them more efficient and inventive, cities, towns, and metropolitan areas must all undergo transformation.
Presently, cities are home to 55% of the world's population. This percentage is expected to increase to 68% by 2050, according per the United Nations.
According to University of Michigan estimates, 83% of Americans reside in urban areas and that number will rise to 89% by 2050.
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A brief History about Smart Cities
The idea of a smart city is not new. For instance, advanced technology has been used for more than 50 years in Asian megacities like Singapore. Singapore's new city gardens now feature 160-foot-tall solar-powered artificial trees as part of the SuperTree's project. These offer spacious canopies and serve as lighting sources, temperature regulators, and rainwater collectors. But different organisations have varied definitions of "smart cities," and the idea has evolved over the past five decades into three distinct phases:
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The leaders of Smart City 1.0 were tech companies. Instead of concentrating on the requirements of the city or its residents, projects emphasised the opportunities that the newest technology offered.
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Cities commanded and guided Smart City 2.0. Programmes improved efficiency and satisfied municipal demands, but they may not have considered the needs of individuals and companies.
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The governance of Smart City 3.0 is not limited to the hands of technology suppliers or city officials. Rather, it centres on a citizen co-creation paradigm that makes sure smart services satisfy local needs. For instance, 30,000 residents of Vancouver participated in the co-creation of the Vancouver Greenest City 2020 Action Plan.
Smart Cities Comes with Lot of Benefits!
Benefits for residents, cities, and the larger community are combined in smart cities through a cooperative, iterative, and continuous process. Singapore has developed a vast network of sensors and cameras as part of its Smart Nation programme to improve public transport and traffic management. This has shown how smart technologies can improve urban transportation and environmental sustainability by greatly reducing congestion and improving air quality.
By implementing Internet of Things technologies for garbage management and street lighting, Barcelona has adopted smart city solutions. Significant energy cost savings as well as cleaner, more sustainable urban environment have resulted from the installation of energy-efficient LED lamps and smart bins that alert collection agencies when full. Copenhagen's smart city projects, such as computerised traffic lights that give preference to buses and cyclists, help the city's goal of becoming carbon neutral by 2025. In addition to shortening travel times, this promotes environmentally friendly transport options, greatly lowering the city's carbon footprint and encouraging citizens to lead healthier lives.
Sustainability is Key!
With the goal of improving living standards and offering society more than just the bare necessities, smart cities are expanding on a larger scale. The idea of "smart cities" has brought about technological integration in manufacturing, waste management, governance, surveillance, efficient transportation, and increased connection, among other areas. To become smart cities, many Indian cities are now putting new regulations into place and working on smart city projects.
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